Program in Early Cultures
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Published in the Journal of Field Archaeology.

We report the results of drone lidar survey at a high-elevation archaeological site in the Chachapoyas region of Peruvian Amazonia. Unlike traditional airborne remote sensing, drone lidar produces very high-density measurements at a wide range of scan angles by operating at low altitudes and slow flight speeds.
Published in the Journal of Field Archaeology.

Big data have arrived in archaeology, in the form of both large-scale datasets themselves and in the analytics and approaches of data science. Aerial data collected from satellite-, airborne- and UAV-mounted sensors have been particularly transformational, allowing us to capture more sites and features, over larger areas, at greater resolution, and in formerly inaccessible landscapes. However, these new means of collecting, processing, and visualizing datasets also present fresh challenges for archaeologists.
Published in "Maritime Communities of the Ancient Andes," eds. G Prieto & D. H. Sandweiss.

These essays look beyond the subsistence strategies of maritime communities and their surroundings to discuss broader anthropological issues related to social adaptation, monumentality, urbanism, and political and religious change.
Published in "A Companion to World Literature," vol. 1, eds. K. Seigneurie & I. Ramelli.

Bucolic, a tradition of ancient Greek and Latin poetry deriving from certain works of Theocritus, emerges in a period of literary experimentation and reconsolidation of the Greek cultural past.
The ninth volume in the Joukowsky Institute Publication (JIP) series, Change and Resilience: The Occupation of Mediterranean Islands in Late Antiquity, edited by Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros and Catalina Mas Florit, is available from Oxbow Books.
Associate Professor of Archaeology and the Ancient World and Egyptology & Assyriology Felipe Rojas is featured in the National Geographic series, Lost Cities With Albert Lin. In "Petra's Hidden Origins", Rojas and the Brown University Petra Terraces Archaeological Project (BUPTAP) team are interviewed about how Petra was part of a broad network of cities and cultures.
This volume, edited by Christine Proust and John Steele, explores how scholars wrote, preserved, circulated, and read knowledge in ancient Mesopotamia. It offers an exercise in micro-history that provides a case study for attempting to understand the relationship between scholars and scholarship during this time of great innovation.
Editors: Johannes Haubold, John Steele, and Kathryn Stevens

This volume of collected essays, the first of its kind in any language, investigates the Astronomical Diaries from ancient Babylon, a collection of almost 1000 clay tablets which, over a period of some five hundred years (6th century to 1st century BCE), record observations of selected astronomical phenomena as well as the economy and history of Mesopotamia and surrounding regions.
This book, by Professor Saul Olyan, the first to focus on ritual violence in the Hebrew Bible, investigates these and other violent rites, the ritual settings in which they occur, their various literary contexts, and the identity and aims of their agents in order to speak in an informed way about the contours and social aspects of ritual violence as it is represented in the Hebrew Bible.
This collection is the first concerted attempt to explore the significance of classical legacies for Latin American history – from the uses of antiquarian learning in colonial institutions to the currents of Romantic Hellenism which inspired liberators and nation-builders in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Institute at Brown for Environment and Society

Unearthing Peru’s Colonial Past: Archaeologist digs up new perspectives on indigenous history

Archaeologist and Assistant Professor of Anthropology Parker VanValkenburgh is examining this question through the lens of the Spanish colonial reducción movement of the 1570s—a large-scale attempt to “modernize” over two million indigenous Peruvians by resettling them into planned towns. Although many written records of this movement remain, they often omit key details about the founding of the towns or the effects of the resettlement effort on inhabitants’ daily lives.
Published in Afghanistan.

The Sasanian rock-cut relief of Rag-i Bibi, located in northern Afghanistan, offers a unique opportunity to reconsider issues of audience, memory, and power in rupestral art. Found over 1,000 kilometers east of the nearest attested Sasanian rupestral relief, Rag-i Bibi is geographically and iconographically distinct, displaying elements of local subject matter, artistic style, and political symbolism.
Published in "World Archaeology 51.2."

Sometime in 2009, the make-up of the world population changed fundamentally, as the number of people living in cities surpassed that of rural residents for the first time. Today, already some 54% of the world’s inhabitants live in urban areas, and their numbers are set to reach 66% by 2050.
This article presents a systematic methodological comparison of three archaeobotanical proxies (phytoliths, pollen and seeds) applied to an assemblage of dung pellets and corresponding archaeological refuse deposits from Early Islamic contexts at the site of Shivta.
Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

This study uses ancient trash mounds as a type of proxy for identifying societal crisis in the urban domain, and employs multidisciplinary investigations to establish the terminal date of organized trash collection and high-level municipal functioning on a city-wide scale.
Published in the International Journal of Historical Archaeology.

Growing out of scholars’ engagements with the local dimensions of Inka and Spanish rule and the methodological and ontological divides that distinguish “history” and “prehistory,” the transconquest perspective attends to the affective connections that constitute polities and shape imperial transitions.
Equinox

The New Nomadic Age (Equinox, 2018)

The Joukowsky Institute congratulates Archaeology and the Ancient World's Professor Yannis Hamilakis on the publication of his latest edited volume, The New Nomadic Age: Archaeologies of Forced and Undocumented Migration.
Ever since the International Monetary Fund’s first bailout of Greece’s sinking economy in 2010, the phrase “Greek debt” has meant one thing to the country’s creditors. But for millions who claim to prize culture over capital, it means something quite different: the symbolic debt that Western civilization owes to Greece for furnishing its principles of democracy, philosophy, mathematics, and fine art. Where did this other idea of Greek debt come from, Johanna Hanink asks, and why does it remain so compelling today? The Classical Debt investigates our abiding desire to view Greece through the lens of the ancient past.
Judaism and the Economy, edited by Professor Michael Satlow, is a collection of sixty-nine Jewish texts relating to economic issues such as wealth, poverty, inequality, charity, and the charging of interest.
News from the Program in Early Cultures

Rojas Awarded Major NEH Grant

The National Endowment for the Humanities has awarded Christopher Ratté (University of Michigan), Felipe Rojas (Brown University), and Angela Commito (Union College) a $220,000 collaborative research grant for continued work in the port city of Notion (western Turkey), the organization announced on Wednesday, August 8.
The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, by Hermann Hunger and Professor John Steele, contains an introductory essay, followed by a new edition of the text and a facing-page transliteration and English translation. Finally, the book contains a new and detailed commentary on the text.
Stephen Houston has been appointed as the inaugural Jay I. Kislak chair for the study of the history and cultures of the early Americas, at the John W. Kluge Center at the Library of Congress, for the 2018-19 academic year. During his tenure at the Center, Houston will work on a project titled “Classic Choreography: The Meaning of Ancient Maya Movement.”
American Council of Learned Societies

VanValkenburgh Receives ACLS Grant

Assistant Professor of Anthropology Parker VanValkenburgh has been awarded an ACLS Digital Extension Grant with Steven Wernke (Vanderbilt University) for their project, Extending GeoPACHA: Geospatial Platform for Andean Culture, History, and Archaeology.
BBC News

Houston Interviewed by BBC

Professor Stephen Houston, Dupee Family Professor of Social Science and former Director of the Program in Early Cultures, was interviewed by the BBC regarding the discovery of more than 60,000 hidden Maya ruins in Guatemala through the use of Lidar technology. The full story, "Sprawling Maya Network Discovered under Guatemala Jungle," is on BBC's website.
The topics of the articles in Studies on the Ancient Exact Sciences in Honour of Lis Brack-Bernsen, edited by Professor John Steele and Mathieu Ossendrijver, are linked by the themes that have been at the center of much of Lis Brack-Bernsen’s own work: the Babylonian observational record, and the relationship between observation and theory; the gnomon, sundials, and time measurement; and the relationship between different scientific activities in the ancient world, especially the connections between mathematics and astronomy.
Rising Time Schemes in Babylonian Astronomy, by Professor John Steele, examines an approach from ancient astronomy to what was then a particularly important question, namely that of understanding the relationship between the position in the ecliptic and the time it takes for a fixed-length of the ecliptic beginning at that point to rise above the eastern horizon.
In Friendship in the Hebrew Bible, Professor Saul M. Olyan analyzes a wide range of texts, including prose narratives, prophetic materials, psalms, pre-Hellenistic wisdom collections, and the Hellenistic-era wisdom book Ben Sira.